TYPOLOGY OF THE YAKUT OLONKHO: FINAL PART OF THE COMPOSITION

(based on the material of the north-eastern regional tradition)

Abstract

In the epic of the Turkic peoples of Siberia one of the main parts of the composition structure is its final part. The final part of the Yakut Olonkho of two regional traditions (Prilensky, Vilyuisky) and the epic of the Altai peoples, Tuvinians, Khakass includes the following subjects: the victory of the enemy and the return home of the main character, his marriage, the wedding feast (in Yakuts in the form of a ysyakh) and the beginning of a happy, peaceful life. Only other Turkic peoples of Siberia – Altaians, Tuvinians, Khakassians have an identical plot of the return of the people, its cattle and riches captured by the enemy which is not typical for the Yakut olonkho. Consequently, the final part of the olonkho of the Prilensky and Vilyusky regional traditions does not differ from the common traditions of the epic of the Turkic peoples of Siberia. The article deals with the final part of the olonkho of the north-eastern regional tradition on the basis of 5 local traditions: Момsky, Verkhoyansky, Abyisky, Ust-Yansky and Srednekolymsky. Authors believe that characteristic plots are plugged in final part of composition of olonkho of the investigated tradition. These plots are the home-coming of main character, his marriage, the feast and happy peaceful life. These plots are characteristic for other regional traditions of Yakut olonkho. But the final part only with a 1 plot is a home-coming of main character is noticed on 4 texts (26,6 %) from the considered 15 olonkho texts of the examined tradition. Other plot of about the marriage of main character was found in the 6 texts (40 %) of оlonkho. In the 2 plots of the 3 texts (20 %) of оlonkho were given descriptions of return of man character, elements of wedding ysyakh and happy peaceful life. There are 2 texts of оlonkho (13,3 %) where the final part is not typical at all. The complete structure of plots of final part of olonkho is not observed in final part of the considered tradition. Consequently, in north-eastern tradition of Yakut olonkho uncomplete and unfinished final part is characteristic.

Acknoweledgements: The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of the research project No. 16-06-00505 (a).

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