Interdisciplinary and universalist aspects of Yakut epics and folklore as the basis of their modern methodological research

Abstract

The study is relevant because myth and folklore are becoming increasingly important due to the complication of the modern humanitarian sphere. Epic and folklore are actively used in cultural projects involving fundamental issues of education and upbringing. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to assess the possibility of their use in modern culture. Universalism and interdisciplinarity are the priorities of modern methodology, since they can rely on the experience of related scholarly fields. Their development is transformed into transdisciplinarity. As a result of using these approaches, the “Epic model of the world” is considered, where the semiotic, cultural, socio-humanitarian, natural-scientific spheres of modern humanitarian knowledge are considered in a historical context. The socio-humanitarian sphere of the synchronic section of the developed research closely interacts with the natural science sphere and continues in it, which is illustrated by the works of J. Fraser and Z. Kosidovsky. Research is also based on the "Expanding folklore and mythological space", where there is a change in ideas about a person, his cultural, socio-humanitarian environment due to the involvement of new disciplines in the study: poetics, hermeneutics, phenomenology, aesthetics, communication theory and others. -temporal disciplines. All this methodology is applied to the Yakut heroic epic as one of the most profound and multifaceted among the entire world epic heritage. Olonkho is constantly connected with the limits of its narration (temporal, spatial, energetic). Literary poetics examines the essence and basic laws of the formation of Olonkho. Hermeneutics offers an interpretation of difficult-to-understand passages. Phenomenology conducts a layer-by-layer interpretation of the text and its analysis from the point of view of the author (narrator) and the reader, each of which relies on its own division of the text into layers of research (phonetic, semantic, figures and tropes, etc.). The aesthetic approach combines the poetic and musical rhythms of the epic, its historical outline with the invariants of modern culture. Theories of communication involve planetary shells, the Internet, networks of culture, science, education in the field of this process. This research will be continued in the development of a transdisciplinary approach in relation to myth, folklore and epic, which will justify a set of different views from related areas united by the author's concept of limiting dynamic equilibria.

References

1. Kozhevnikov N. N., Danilova V. S. Methodology of scientific research. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2022, 210 p. (In Russ.)
2. Theory of literature. Ed. N. D. Tamarchenko. Vol. 1. Moscow, Academy Publ., 2004, 512 p. (In Russ.)
3. Piaget J. The epistemology of interdisciplinary relations. In: Interdisciplinarity – Problems of teaching and research. Center for Research and Innovation in Education. Eds. L. Apostel, G. Berger, A. Briggs, G. Michaud. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publ., 1972, pp. 131-144. (In French)
4. Jantsch E. Towards interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity in teaching and innovation. In: Interdisciplinarity – Problems of teaching and research. Center for Research and Innovation in Education. Eds L. Apostel, G. Berger, A. Briggs, G. Michaud. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publ., 1972. pp. 98-125. (In French)
5. Myths of the peoples of the world. Vol. 2. Moscow, The Soviet Encyclopedia Publ., 1988, 719 p. (In Russ.)
6. Kassirer Je. Philosophy of symbolic forms. Vol. 2. Mythological thinking. Moscow; Saint-Petersburg, University Book Publ., 2001, 280 p. (In Russ.)
7. Oyunsky P. A. The Yakut fairy tale (olonkho), its plot and contents (the analysis of Yakut fairy tales). Yakutsk, Sajdam Publ., 2013, 96 p. (In Russ. and English)
8. Emelyanov N. V. Stories of Yakut olonkho. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1980, 376 p. (In Russ.)
9. Fraser J.J. Folklore in the Old Testament. Translated from English. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1989, 542 p. (In Russ.)
10. Kosidovsky Z. Legends of the Evangelists. Translated from Polish. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1977, 262 p. (In Russ.)
11. Kosidovsky Z. Biblical tales. Translated from Polish. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1990, 479 p. (In Russ.)
12. Danilova V. S., Kozhevnikov N. N. Philosophical studies of Olonkho texts. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2019, 176 p. (In Russ.)
13. Borges H.-L. The Double of Mohammed: stories and essays (1932-1970). Translated from Spanish. Saint-Petersburg, Kristall Publ., 2002, 191 p. (In Russ.)
14. Losev A.F. Myth-number-essence. Мoscow, Mysl' Publ., 1994, 919 p. (In Russ.)
15. Kozolupenko L. P. Mythological perception. Мoscow, Kanon+ Publ., 2009, 432 p. (In Russ.)
16. Bart R. Selected works. Semiotics. Poetics. Translated from French. Мoscow, Progress Publ., 1989, 616 p. (In Russ.)
17. Kozhevnikov N. N. The basic concepts of philosophy in the context of the coordinate system of the world based on the ultimate dynamic equilibria of deterministic chaos. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2020, 166 p. (In Russ.)
18. Vinokurov V. V. Ichchi (spirits) in Yakut heroic epic Olonkho. In: Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic Studies. 2017, no. 3 (07), pp. 38-51. DOI https://doi.org/10.25587/SVFU.2017.7.10591 (In Russ.)
19. Vinokurov V. V. On the meaning and essence of one epic olonkho formula. In: Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic Studies. 2020, no. 3(19), pp. 86-93. DOI https://doi.org/10.25587/l5826-9274-1975-f (In Russ.)