Good wishes as a linguistic reflection of the traditional values of the Khakases: research methodology

Abstract

In this article, we presented our vision of the tasks, methods and prospects for studying texts of good wishes in the Khakas language, which are the most widespread, vibrant and ancient form of linguistic representation of the spiritual culture of the Khakas. While in folkloristic and ethnographic studies this folklore genre was considered in the system of ideological values and etiquette behavior of the ethnic group, its linguistic corpus remains an untouched area. However, the basic basis of traditional good wishes is its language – a special verbal form of manifestation of the ethnic mentality, therefore, it should receive scientific coverage at all linguistic levels: semantic, grammatical, syntactic, pragmatic, etc. For a more in-depth consideration in order to identify the system of traditional values and worldview of the ethnos complex linguo-folkloristic, ethno-, linguocultural methods are used. The purpose of the article is to describe the methods, tasks and prospects for studying texts of good wishes. To achieve the goal, tasks related to the designation of texts of good wishes as an object of research are set and methods are proposed for a more in-depth comprehensive study of their plan of expression and plan of content. Thus, the study of complex problems of value categories of good wishes, pragmatic situations of their implementation and other forms of good wishes, reflected in the relationships of linguistic individuals, form an independent scientific direction. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of research into the language of the textual structure of well-wishes and the need to develop their linguistic-folkloristic paradigm, as well as the formation of a new conceptual apparatus. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time texts of good wishes are becoming the subject of special research on linguistic parameters correlated with pragmatic, communicative, folkloristic and other characteristics. The article identifies questions for potential research into texts of good wishes and describes methods for achieving these goals. This topic has good prospects for further research in interdisciplinary areas. In addition, the popularization of texts of traditional good wishes in the public environment, their spiritual and mental attitudes will make a certain contribution to the preservation and development of the Khakas language. First of all, the use of traditional expressions of good wishes in the modern discursive space allows us to expand the ontological function of the Khakas language.

References

1. Khakas-Russian dictionary: about 22 thousand words. Authors: O. P. Anzhiganova, N. A. Baskakov, M. I. Borgoyakov, A. I. Inkizhekova-Grekul et al., Under the general editorship of O. V. Subrakova. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2006, 1114 p.

2. Kotozhekov, G. G. Idolai's Jokes. Plays. Collection of plays. Abakan, Khakas branch of Krasnoyarsk Book Publ. House, 1991, pp. 218–263. (In Khakas)

3. Aidolai. A heroic tale / narrator P. V. Kurbizhekov. Text recorded by T. G. Tacheeva. Abakan, Brigantina Publ., 2016, 196 p. (In Khakas)

4. Topoev, Y. He gave love without regret. Plays, short stories, poems, essays. Abakan, Khakas Book Publ. House, 2012, 400 p. (In Khakas)

5. Somkina, N. A. The Chinese tradition of benevolence: the symbolism of animals and plants. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Series 13. Oriental studies. African studies. 2009, No. 2, pp. 77–86. (In Rus.)

6. Vinogradova, L. N. Family values of traditional culture: an axiological aspect of the study of Slavic curses. Slavonic Studies. 2012, No. 6, pp. 29–34. (In Rus.)

7. Alieva, P. M. Linguistic and cultural parameters of the “evil desires” of the Arabic and Avar literary languages. Bulletin of Dagestan State University. Series 2: Humanities. 2015, No. 3, pp. 92–99. (In Rus.)

8. Vetrova, E. S. Wishes of evil in the communicative culture of Ukrainians and Lezgins. Scientific dialogue. 2016, No. 1(49), pp. 16–31. (In Rus.)

9. Radzhabova, N. G. Structural and semantic analysis of the benevolence and curses of the Darginian language: dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Makhachkala, 2012, 22 p. (In Rus.)

10. Mikhailova, N. D. Kalmyk folk benevolences: dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Elista, 2013, 25 p. (In Rus.)

11. Mindibekova, V. V. The algas genre in the ritual poetry of the Khakas. Languages and folklore of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. 2023, No. 1(45), pp. 58–66. (In Rus.)

12. Zaverchinskaya, I. K. Speech genre wishes and advertisement. Linguoculturology. 2008, No. 2, pp. 107–114. (In Rus.)

13. Tikhonova, A. V., Chibisova, O. V. Benevolence in Russia and China: a linguistic point of view. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. 2017, No. 4, pp. 211–218. (In Rus.)

14. Shatilova, L. M. Speech acts of wishes at parting in modern Internet sources (based on the material of German and Russian languages). Philological sciences. Questions of theory and practice. 2015, No. 5(47) in 2 parts, Part 2, pp. 207–211. (In Rus.)

15. Arbachakova, L. N. Textual history of the Shor heroic epic (on the example of materials by N. P. Dyrenkova and A. I. Chudoyakov). Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2001, 158 p. (In Rus.)

16. Potapov, L. P. Essays on the national life of Tuvinians. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1969, 400 p. (In Rus.)

17. Dyakonova, V. P. Religious representations of Altaians and Tuvinians about nature and man. In: Nature and man in religious representations of the peoples of Siberia and the North. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1976, pp.268–291. (In Rus.)

18. Alekseev, N. A. Shamanism of the Turkic-speaking peoples of Siberia. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1984, 233 p. (In Rus.)

19. Kenin-Lopsan, M. B. Ritual practice and folklore of Tuvan shamanism: the end of the XIX–beginning XX century. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1987, 164 p. (In Rus.)

20. Weinstein, S. I. The world of nomads of the Center of Asia. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1991, 296 p. (In Rus.)

21. Kurbatsky, G. N. Tuvinians in their folklore: historical and ethnographic aspects of Tuvan folklore. Kyzyl, Tuvan Book Publ. House, 2001, 462 p. (In Rus.)

22. Kuular, Ch. Ch. Best wishes. In: Oral folklore of the Tuvan people. Kyzyl, Tuvan Book Publ. House, 1976, pp. 132–141. (In Tuvan)

23. Kyrgyz, Z. K. Well wishes of the Tuvan people. Kyzyl, Tuvan Book Publ. House, 1990, 144 p. (In Tuvan)

24. Yusha, Zh. M. Ritual poetry of Tuvinians: structure and semantics. Novosibirsk, Orange Publ, 2009, 165 p. (In Rus.)

25. Oorzhak, B. Ch. Imperative in the ritual poetry of Tuvinians. Philology and culture. 2017, No. 4(50), pp. 45–51. (In Rus.)

26. Katash, S. S. Alkysh syos an ancient genre of Altai folklore. Siberian folklore. Issue 4. Novosibirsk, State Pedagogical Institute Publ. House, 1977, pp. 46–57. (In Rus.)

27. Katash, S. S. Benevolence – as an ancient genre of Altai folklore. In: Ulagashev readings. Issue 1. Gorno-Altaysk, 1979, pp. 63–76. (In Rus.)

28. Ukachina, K. E., Yamaeva, E. E. Altai benevolence. Gorno-Altaysk, Ak-Chechek Publ. House, 1993, 144 p. (In Rus.)

29. Chochkina, M. P. Altai children's folklore. Gorno-Altaisk, Gorno-Altaisk State University Press, 2003, 16 p. (In Rus.)

30. Tadina, N. A. Altai wedding ceremony (XIX–XX centuries). Gorno-Altaisk, Gorno-Altaisk republican Book Publ. House “Uch-Syumer”, 1995, 207 p. (In Rus.)

31. Turlunova, S. N. Traditional ecological etiquette of Altai hunters. In: Ethnography of Altai and adjacent territories. Barnaul, Barnaul Pedagogical University Press, 1998, pp. 237–240. (In Rus.)

32. Minakova, R. S. Benevolence as samples of speech. In: History and modernity of the Altai Republic: materials of the republican conference (May 24, 2012). Gorno-Altaysk, Committee for Archives of the Altai Republic, 2012, pp. 32–34. (In Rus.)

33. Minakova, R. S. The use of benevolence in a congratulatory speech. In: Turkic Runic: Language, History and Culture (on the 120th anniversary of the deciphering of the Orkhon-Yenisei script): materials of the International Scientific Conference (Kyzyl, July 10–11, 2013). Abakan, Khakas Book Publ. House, 2013, pp. 44–47. (In Rus.)

34. Kandarakova, E. P. Altai benevolences and rituals of their fulfillment. Gorno-Altaysk, Gorno-Altaisk Printing House, 1993, 19 p. (In Rus.)

35. Pustogacheva, O. N. Ethnolinguistic features of the Chelkan language: words of benevolence in the lexicon of hunters and fishermen. In: Culture and traditions of the indigenous peoples of the Northern Altai. Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg State University Press, 2008, pp. 309–313. (In Rus.)

36. Kuchukova, D. A. The benevolence of the northern Altaians: tradition and modernity. Historical, philosophical, political and legal sciences, cultural studies and art criticism. Questions of theory and practice. 2012, No. 7(21), Part 1, pp. 111–114. (In Rus.)

37. Efimova, L. S. The benevolence of the Sakha (Yakuts) in the light of folklore traditions of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Siberia: classification, general characteristics: monograph. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2013, 178 p. (In Rus.)

38. Sivtseva, N. A. The verbs of causation of the beginning of existence in the poetic text of A. E. Kulakovsky “Blessing in the old way”. Questions of national literatures. 2022, No. 3, pp. 48–55. (In Rus.)

39. Sivtseva, N. A. Verbs of being in the poetic works of A. E. Kulakovsky of the genre algys (blessing). The world of science. Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies. 2023, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 1–9. (In Rus.)

40. Teleut folklore. Compiler, introduction, recording, text normalization, translation, comments by D. A. Funk, editor-in-chief A. V. Dybo. Moscow: EAI RAS, 2020, 428 p. (In Rus.)

41. Radlov, V. V. Samples of folk literature of the Turkic tribes living in Southern Siberia and the Dzungarian steppe: Part 9: Dialects of the Uriankhai (Soyots), Abakan Tatars and Karagases: translation. Collected and translated by N. F. Katanov. VI, XXVI. Saint Petersburg, Imperial Academy of Sciences, 659 p. (In Khakas and Rus.)

42. Katanov, N. F. Shamanic chants of the Siberian Turks: records of 1878–1892. Poetic translations by A. Prelovsky, introductory article, scientific edition of texts, commentary by V. Ya. Butanaev. Moscow, LitExpress Publ., 1996, 192 p. (The spiritual heritage of the peoples of Siberia). (In Rus.)

43. Non-fairy prose of Khakas. Compilers L. K. Achitaeva, S. K. Kulumaeva, V. V. Mindibekova, G. B. Sychenko. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2016, 540 p. (Monuments of folklore of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East; Vol. 34). (In Khakas and Rus.)

44. Ungvitskaya, M. A., Mainogasheva, V. E. Khakas folk poetic creativity. Abakan, Khakas branch of the Krasnoyarsk Book Publ. House, 1972, 311 p. (In Rus.)

45. Butanaev, V. Ya. Traditional shamanism of Hongorai. Abakan, Khakas State University Press, 2006, 254 p. (In Rus.)

46. Kulumaeva, S. K. The traditional “feast of hair” among the Khakas subethnoses based on the materials of N. F. Katanov. In: The return of N. F. Katanov's legacy to his homeland: materials of the scientific and practical conference. Moscow, Novy Klyuch Publ., 2003, pp. 56–60. (In Rus.)

47. Mindibekova, V. V. The mythological basis of the ritual benevolence of the Khakas. Epic Studies. 2023, No. 2, pp. 67–75. (In Rus.)

48. Radzhabova, N. G. Structural and semantic analysis of the benevolence and curses of the Darginian language: dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Makhachkala, 2012, 146 p. (In Rus.)

49. Shulbaeva, V. On the waves of life. In: White rock. Literary almanac. Abakan, Khakas branch of the Krasnoyarsk Book Publ, 1983, pp. 80–106. (In Khakas)

50. Tatarova, V. K. White ayra. The story. In: Morning dawn. A novel and short stories in the Khakas language. Abakan, Khakas branch of the Krasnoyarsk Book Publ. House, 1986, pp. 3–101. (In Khakas)

51. Tinikov, N. Shaman Archot: a collection of short stories for high school children. Abakan, The House of Writers of Khakassia, 2011, 160 p. (In Rus.)

52. Sanzheeva, L. Ts. Small folklore poetic forms in the Buryat epic “Abai Geser Bogdo Khaan”. In: M. K. Ammosov Vestnik of the North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic Studies. 2017, No. 1(05), pp. 27–34. (In Rus.)

53. Topanov, A. M. Fooled by Horkhlo. In: Red steppe. Abakan, Khakas branch of the Krasnoyarsk Book Publ, 1982, pp. 105–167. (In Khakas)

54. Zakirova, I. G. Genre of benevolence in Tatar folklore. Philological sciences. Questions of theory and practice. 2017, No. 10(76) in 3 parts, Part 3, pp. 15–18. (In Rus.)

55. Tinikov, N. The living do not die. Stories. Abakan, Khakas branch of the Krasnoyarsk Book Publ, 1982, 239 p. (In Khakas)