Functional feature of Yakut and Buryat image-forming verbs in epic text

Abstract

The article provides an analysis of the image-forming verbs of the Yakut language as an expressive vocabulary in comparison with Buryat image-forming verbs in order to identify the features of the functioning of verbs in the context of an epic text. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient study of the image-forming vocabulary using in epic texts and the need to consider their functional features in a comparative aspect. Olonkho Son of a Horse Bogatyr Dyrai by Innokenty Burnashev – Tong Suorun and Buryat heroic epic Alamzhi Bergen by Elbon Shalbykov were used as the material for the study. The analysis involved 84 image-forming verbs from the Yakut olonkho and 41 verbs from the Buryat epic, which determine the figurative action by context and semantics. The work used the method of continuous sampling to collect examples of image-forming verbs from epic texts; a component analysis to characterize the conceptual item of the word; a method of contextual analysis, which makes it possible to identify different meanings and shades of meanings of the studied verbs in the context, depending on their functions. In identifying the functional features of image-forming verbs, the classification of textual functions of emotive vocabulary by L. G. Babenko was taken as a basis. The result of the performed analysis shows that image-forming verbs are used to a greater extent in describing characters, their appearance and movements, which speaks of a descriptive and characterological function. Also, an important part of the rest verbs relates to the interpretive and emotional-evaluative functions, which are used to describe the nature, abode, utensils and weapon. It should be noted that the Yakut storyteller pays more attention to detailed and figurative descriptions to create entertainment, colorful pictures and actions, while the Buryat storyteller pays more attention to movements, the course of actions for liveliness and brightness of events, the development of plots. An analysis of the functional features of the Yakut and Buryat image-forming verbs in epic texts allows us to say that their peculiarity and commonality lies in their direct participation in the creation of images, the description of pictures, and the characterization of actions.

Acknowledgment: The study was carried out within the framework of the NEFU research project “Heroic epics of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Eurasia: problems and prospects for comparative study”.

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