The history of developing musical notation for tunes in the Yakut heroic epic olonkho

Abstract

The article presents the history of developing musical notation for tunes in the Yakut heroic epic olonkho; reviews the change in the notation of song sections of olonkho. It is revealed that “The song by the girl” recorded by V. L. Seroshevsky was the first written dwon notation of an olonkho tune. At the beginning, songs from olonkho were written down in the European system of notation. During that period, due to difficulties with making notation of song sections in dieretii yrya style, they mostly made notations of songs in degereng yrya style. At a key, they put accidentals indicating a certain tonality, which is inherent in the Yakut ethnomusicology because the modes regularities of the Yakut national songs were not studied. At a key, they also wrote down the metric signature. Eventually, in the process of development, when recording olonkho, they started using symbols other than European professional ones. The study used comparative methods.

The relevance of the research is connected with the fact that the history of developing musical notation for olonkho tunes has still not studied enough.

The research objective was to study specifics of a musical notation of tunes in olonkho. According to the purpose, the following tasks were defined: to review the development of the notation technology for song sections in olonkho; to study history of developing musical notation for tunes in olonkho from 19^th century till present; to consider features of a modern musical notation of olonkho songs.

n the course of the research, we revealed that the development of a musical notation for tunes in the Yakut heroic epic olonkho went towards deviation from the European notation because song sections of style dieretii yrya do not keep within the tempered system of the European professional music. Later, researchers began to seek for record of all nuances of the Yakut singing. The edition of olonkho in the Monuments of Folklore of Siberia and Far East series became a reference. Now modern ethnomusicologists do not try to reflect all nuances; they make notation simpler, so that it could be used not only for academic research, but also for performing practice.

References

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