Hero and Folklore-Mythological beginning in the conceptual sphere of a historical and biographical novel Manchaary by M. Gogolev – Kyndyl

Abstract

The identification of the role of the folklore and mythological principle in the uniqueness of the national picture of the world in a literary work finds expression in the system of artistic concepts that form the conceptual sphere, which embodies the cultural, historical, spiritual and moral experience of the nation. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the low degree of research of this problem in Yakut literary criticism, in particular, in genre studies. In this regard, of particular interest is the identification of the role of folklore and mythological beginning and olonkho in the conceptual sphere of the national world in the largest epic genre-in the novel, which was highly developed in the Yakut literature of the second half of the twentieth century. In the last quarter of the XX century, the emergence of the genre of the historical and philosophical novel itself is significant, which is an indicator of the high level of development of literature. In the 90-ies, at a turning point, the evolution of mental representations, the loss of former landmarks and the ambiguity of new ones, the novel as a form of world knowledge characterizes the liberation from social and cultural dogmas and canons, which was reflected in the genre dynamics. The best novels of Yakut authors are distinguished by a wide historical, cultural, ethno-genetic aspect of understanding the history of the people. The increased role of personality has identified the mainstreaming of new forms of novel thinking, the enrichment of a realistic based letter new appeal to folk poetry, folk roots, the myth, the olonkho, which allowed to deepen the philosophical terms of narrative, heighten the pathos. One of the top manifestations of the development of the genre of the novel is characteristic of the work of the people's writer of Yakutia I. M. Gogolev – Kyndyl. The creative heritage of the writer is multifaceted, marked by achievements in all major genres of literature: poetry, prose and drama. A significant event in literature were his novels: Black Crane, Goddess of Mercy, The Third Eye. Among the works of the writer stands out historical and biographical novel Manchaary (2001). The goals and objectives of the work are determined by the identification of the role of folklore and mythological principle and olonkho in the conceptual sphere of the national world in the novel Manchaary. Historical-cultural, typological, conceptual methods of research are used.

Reference

1. Likhachev D. S. Konceptosfera russkogo yazyka [The conceptosphere of the Russian language]. In: Izvestiya RAN. Seriya literatury i yazyka [Proceedings of RAS. Series Literature and Language]. 1992, vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 3-9. (In Russ.).
2. Aleksandrovich N. V. Konceptosfera khudozhestvennogo proizvedeniya i sredstva ee ob’ektivacii v perevode (na materiale romana F. S. Ficdzheral'da “Velikii Getsbi” i ego perevodov na russkom yazyke) [The conceptual sphere of artwork and the means of its objectification in translation (based on the novel by F. S. Fitzgerald “The Great Gatsby” and its translations in Russian)]. Moscow, Flinta, Nauka, 2009, 184 p. (In Russ.).
3. Sleptcov P. A. Konceptosfera rodnogo yazyka – konceptosfera natcional'noi kul'tury (k postanovke problemy) [The conceptual sphere of the native language – the conceptual sphere of national culture (to the statement of the problem)]. In: Yazyk kak osnovnoi element kul'tury: genezis, tradicii i sovremennye problemy: materialy Respublikanskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferencii (g. Yakutsk, 26 noyabrya 2004 g.) [Language as the main element of culture: genesis, traditions and contemporary problems: materials of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference (Yakutsk, November 26, 2004)]. Otv. red. B. N. Popov. Yakutsk, Izd-vo YaGU, 2006, pp. 13-18. (In Russ.).
4. Likhachev D. S. Konceptosfera russkogo yazyka [The conceptosphere of the Russian language]. In: Osvobozhdenie ot dogm. Istoriya russkoi literatury: sostoyanie i puti izucheniya [Exemption from dogma. History of Russian literature: status and ways of studying]. Otv. red. D. P. Nikolaev. Moscow, Nasledie, 1997, pp. 33-42. (In Russ.).
5. Gachev G. D. Nacional'nye obrazy mira [National images of the world]. Moscow, Sovetskii pisatel', 1988, 448 p. (In Russ.).
6. Mann Yu. V. Zhanr bol'shikh vozmozhnostei [Great opportunity genre]. In: Voprosy literatury [Questions of literature]. 1959, No. 9, pp. 41-59. (In Russ.).
7. Bakhtin M. M. Avtor i geroi: K filosofskim osnovam gumanitarnykh nauk [Author and hero: To the philosophical foundations of the humanities]. Saint Petersburg, Azbuka, 2000, 332 p. (In Russ.).
8. Vinogradov V. V. O yazyke khudozhestvennykh proizvedenii [About the language of artwork]. Moscow, Nauka, 1980, 362 p. (In Russ.).
9. Mordinov A. E. Zarozhdenie yakutskoi filosofskoi mysli [The origin of Yakut philosophical thought]. In: Izbrannye proizvedenija: v 2 t. T. 2 [Selected works: in 2 vol. Vol. 2]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2010, pp. 125-180. (In Russ.).
10. Utkin K. D. Sbornik trudov : v 16 kn. Kn. 4: Drevnejakutskie korni: tipologicheskie paralleli [Collection of works: in 16 books. Book 4: Ancient Yakut roots: Typological Parallels]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2006, 173 p. (In Russ.).
11. Pukhov I. V. Olonkho – drevnii epos yakutov [Olonkho is the ancient epic of the Yakuts]. In: N'urgun Bootur Stremitel'nyi [Nurgun Bootur the Swift]. P. A. Oyunskii. Yakutsk, Kn. izd-vo, 1975, pp. 411-422. (In Russ.).
12. Pukhov I. V. Ot fol'klora k literature [From folklore to literature]. Yakutsk, Kn. izd-vo, 1980, 92 p. (In Russ.).
13. Boldyrev N. N. Yazyk i sistema znanij. Kognitivnaya istoriya yazyka [Language and knowledge system. The cognitive history of language]. Moscow, Izdat. dom YaSK, 2018, 478 p. (In Russ.).
14. Gogolev I. M. Manchaary [Manchaary]. Per. s yakut. A. Lenskoy i M. Ushnickoy. Yakutsk, Yakutiya, 2005, 344 p. (In Russ.).
15. Gogolev I. M. Manchaary [Manchaary]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2001, 352 p. (In Yakut).