FEATURES IN THE IMAGE SYSTEM AND PLOT OF THE SREDNEKOLIMSK OLONKHO

(the case of the P. N. Nazarov’s Olonkho “Mas Batyia” and the V. E. Laptev’s Olonkho “Old man Kyun Myongyuryon and old women Kyun Teygel”)

Abstract

Sakha folklorists have established that the Sakha narration school, depending on the territory of its existence, consists of three local traditions: Central, Vilui and Northern. Traditions of narration were connected with the peculiarities of material and spiritual development of indigenous peoples of Yakutia inhabiting one or another territory. The phenomenon of recreating Olonkho texts, geographically distinct from each other, has not yet been fully studied in science, and thus remains relevant. The article attempts to identify regional traditions, distinctive features of the northern Olonkho by the method of comparative analysis of the image system, its plot with the established traditions of the Olonkho of the Central and Vilui regions. As a result, the peculiarities of the Srednekolymsk Olonkho were revealed as one of the local traditions among the northern olonkhos. In the Olonkhos that we examined, there is no colorful description of the world, the beauty of nature, the miraculous birth of the hero of the Aiyy, the appearance of the heroes. There is also no traditionally stable motive of the settlement by the celibate goddesses of Aiyy in the Middle World to protect the inhabitants of the Middle World from the invasions of the abaahy monsters. From the traditional mythological images there is no image of the sacred tree Aal Luuk Mas, and the name Yurung Aiyy Toyon is only mentioned. There are original images of fish Luo balyk, monsters mongus. The horse is not given by the deities, the hero gets a horse specifically, or it is absent. The contents of both Olonkhos are related to the life of the northern peoples, in connection with this, there are objects of use of northern peoples: arkan (lasso), tut (skis), etc. There are words used only by the northern Sakha Kyyl (beast) instead of “man”, Oygol, nolbet mogul ‘holy water’,Wal-buudjal buollun, Uoi-jallyk buolun, etc. The house of Mas Batiya is build from the snow that melts neither in winter nor summer snow; instead of a horse, he has tuutskis. The name of the hero of the abaahy Timir Tuuchchahtay comes from the Yakut word for “nelma” fish.

Acknowledgments: The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of the scientific project No. 16-06-00505 (a).

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