FORMS OF PARALLELISM IN THE YAKUT OLONKHO “MODUN ER SOGOTOKH” BY V. O. KARATAEV AND THE KHAKASS EPIC “AI-KHUUCHIN” BY P. V. KURZHIBEKOV

Abstract

The novelty of the article is that earlier, the comparative studies of the Yakut olonkho with the Khakass epic considered only similarities in the composition and the plot, and the minimal structural units of the epic text, such as rhythmic syntax parallelisms, were not studied specifically.

The aim of the article is to identify, describe and compare the rhythmic syntax parallelisms in the Yakut olonkho and Khakass epic through structural and semantic analysis.

The article analyzes rhythmic syntax parallelisms of the Yakut olonkho “Modun Er Sogotokh” by V. O. Karataev and the Khakass epic “Ai-Khuuchin” by P. V. Kurzhibekov by means of a structural and semantic analysis based on the method of modeling. The comparison of the epic texts revealed a similarity in 25 rhythmic syntax parallelisms, which makes 4.6% of all parallels in the Yakut epic text. Of these, the most typical for most Olonkho constructs of parallelisms are chosen as examples the structural models, which are presented separately and described on the basis of the Leipzig glossing system.

As a result of the analysis it is established that in the compared epic texts, the main ways of forming rhythmic syntax parallelisms coincide, i. e. both in the Yakut olonkho and in the Khakass alyptakh nymakh, parallelisms are formed by the literal repetition of lexical units and word combinations that form the core or matrix of parallelism. The rest of the terms expressed by synonyms or context synonyms are selected by the narrators based on the lexical-semantic field of parallelism based on alliteration.

In the epics in question, in some cases the semantic load of rhythmic syntax parallelisms coincides completely: well-being for the road, a picture of the world, a talking horse, a heroic battle, a final victory over the enemy. In addition, in some of them, the structure also coincides. Probably, these examples contain relics of the archaic epic, and as a result, parallelism in both epics has been transmitted almost unchanged. It is assumed that in the extreme antiquity, when the ancestors of the Yakut people lived close to the Khakass people, active bilateral contacts were conducted, resulting in interpenetrations, which is evidenced by coinciding rhythmic syntax parallelisms in the compared epics.

Acknowledgements: The research is financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research, project No. 15-04-00496 (а).

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