Mental vocabulary in the text the Khakas heroic tale Albynchy

Abstract

Our research is devoted to the identification and description of one of the fragments of the folklore-linguistic picture of the world – the semantic field of mental vocabulary based on the material of the Khakas heroic legend Albynchy. The interest in this linguistic representation of the characters' image stems from the principle of the anthropocentric paradigm, which represents the study of the inner world of a person, in particular, their psychological and mental functions. We understand a mental vocabulary as lexemes that not only name the process, the state of the subject, but contain elements of its description in their semantics and indicate the ethnic specifics of perception, understanding, cognition of the surrounding reality by an individual linguistic personality or the ethnolinguistic community as a whole. The purpose of the study is to identify and describe the semantic and functional structures of a mental vocabulary based on the material of the specified work of oral folk art. The tasks set to achieve this goal are related to the anthropocentric paradigm, i.e. the issues of revealing the human phenomenon through language. The relevance of the research is due to the insufficiency of research on the lexical system of the language of the Khakas heroic tales and the need to develop their linguistic and folklore paradigm as an independent scientific direction. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that mental vocabulary based on folklore material becomes the subject of special research for the first time. Based on the material of the Khakas heroic tale Albynchy the field of mental vocabulary turned out to be few. These include two basic verbs (сағын- ‘to think’, пiл- ‘to know’); verbal synonymous constructions; nouns – synonyms with the general meaning “mind, thought, reason” (ис, ағыл, сағыс), one cliched expression (ис ирт-, ағыл ас- ‘reason to pass by, lose your mind’), the phraseology of сағыс кiр- ‘the mind to enter’, describing the processes of mental activity and mental states of the characters. The study revealed that the semantic structures of these means of expressing mentality differ significantly from the contents of common-language dictionary variants, since the system of traditional folklore texts primarily reflect the ideological orientations and attitudes of the ethnic group. The conceptual basis of the set of mental representations is the categorical polarity of assessments: positive and negative in the absence of a neutral one. We see the prospects for the study of the language of heroic tales in deeper and more thorough developments of both individual lexical groupings and conceptual spheres, which contribute to the development of the Turkic interdisciplinary directions “folklore-linguistic picture of the world” and “linguofoloristics”.

References

1. Large explanatory dictionary of the Russian language / author and project leader, editor-in-chief S. A. Kuznetsov. Saint Petersburg, Norint Publ., 2000, 1536 p. (In Russ.)

2. Kolesov, V. V. Russian mentality in language and text. Saint Petersburg, Petersburgskoe Vostokovedenie Publ., 2006, 624 p. (In Russ.)

3. Chernousova, I. P. The language of folklore as a reflection of ethnic mentality (based on the folklore conceptual sphere of the Russian fairy tale and epic). Abstract of the thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philological Sciences. Yelets, 2015, 52 p. (In Russ.)

4. Ozhegov, S. I., Shvedova, N. Yu. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language: 80,000 words and phraseological expressions. Moscow, LLC “A TEMP”, 2006, 944 p. (In Russ.)

5. Chertykova, M. D., Kaksin, A. D. Linguistic expression of the heroic vision of the world: the case of the Albynchy heroic legend. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic studies. 2020, No. 3 (19), pp. 14–29. DOI: 10.25587/v7085-9383-3056-d. (In Russ.)

6. Chertykova, M. D., Kaksin, A. D. The conceptualization of auditory perceptions in the folklore-linguistic picture of the world: on the material of the heroic legend Albynchy. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic studies. 2020, No. 1 (17), pp. 100–111. DOI: 10.25587/SVFU.2020.17.58370. (In Russ.)

7. Chertykova, M. D., Kaksin, A. D. Verb representation of the speech of the bogatyrs: on the material of the Khakas heroic legend Albynchy. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic studies. 2022, No. 2 (26), pp. 5–16. DOI: 0.25587/e5144-5227-9796-w. (In Russ.)

8. Gak, V. G. The space of thought (the experience of systematization of words of the mental field). In: Logical analysis of language. Mental actions. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1993, pp. 22–29. (In Russ.)

9. Albynchy. Alyptyg nymakh (heroic legend). Epicteller S. P. Kadyshev, text recorded by D. I. Chankov. Abakan, Khakas Book Publ. House, 2018, 126 p. (In Khakas)

10. Khakas-Russian dictionary: about 22 thousand words. Authors: O. P. Anzhiganova, N. A. Baskakov, M. I. Borgoyakov et al. Under the general editorship of O. V. Subrakova. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2006, 1114 p.

11. Chertykova, M. D. Mental verbs in the Khakas language. Abakan, N. F. Katanov Khakas State University Publ. House, 2021, 160 p. (In Russ.)

12. Chistobaeva, N. S. The role of magic objects in the Khakas epic narrative. Epic studies. 2023, No. 4, pp. 98–107. DOI: 10.25587/2782-4861-2023-4-98-107. (In Russ.)

13. Konunov, A. A. Stylistic variation in the heroic tales of N. Ulagashev and in the heroic epic of the indigenous peoples of Gornaya Shoria and Khakassia. In: Antiquities of Siberia and Central Asia: a collection of scientific papers. Issue 1–2 (13–14). Edited by V. I. Soenov. Gorno-Altaisk, Gorno-Altaisk State University Publ. House, 2009, pp. 157–165. (In Russ.)