The features of the usage of names of crockery and utensils in the texts of olonkho and Tuvan tales

Abstract

The article covers the features of the usage of names of crockery and kitchen utensils in the early and late texts of the Yakut olonkho and Tuvan heroic tales in comparison. Utensils, as part of the household vocabulary, are an integral part of people's life and regularly undergoes changes depending on their life activities. Novelty of the study: the names of crockery and kitchen utensils in the Yakut and Tuvan epics in a comparative perspective have not been previously the subject of a special study. The aim is to identify the degree of continuity in the use of names of crockery and kitchen utensils in the early and late texts of the Yakut olonkho, to establish the features of their use in the Yakut and Tuvan epics. To achieve these goals, the following methods were used: the sampling method; component analysis; structural-semantic analysis; methods of linguistic description and definitional analysis; method of distributive analysis. The factual material consisted of 53 names of crockery and kitchen utensils from the early texts of the Yakut epic, 40 from the late texts, and 14 from the Tuvan epic. It was revealed that the names of crockery and kitchen utensils are widely used as components of figurative and expressive means, namely comparisons and rhythmic-syntactic parallelism. The following conclusions are made as a result of the research: the materials of names of crockery and kitchen utensils reflect the cultural traditions of the Yakuts and Tuvans; the variety of traditional crockery in the early texts of olonkho demonstrates their wide use in everyday life; most of the studied lexemes are intended for cooking, storage and serving liquid food and dairy products, which reflects the traditional economy and culture of each people; the use of names of crockery in olonkho as components of language means indicates that crockery, as part of everyday vocabulary, are a representative of the material and spiritual culture of the people, thereby showing the worldview of the Yakuts; the conducted research can serve as a source base for creating a dictionary of the language of the Yakut epic olonkho.

Acknowledgements: The study was carried out as part of the NEFU research project “Epic monument of the Yakut intangible culture: textological, typological, cognitive and historical-comparative aspects”.

References

1. Zamaletdinov R. R. Tatar culture in linguistic reflection. Moscow, VLADOS Publ., 2004, 239 p. (In Rus.)
2. Zakharov T. V. – Cheebiy. Ala Bulkun bogatyr: olonkho. Yakutsk, Alaas Publ., 2018, 520 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
3. Orosin K. G. Nurgun Bootur the Swift: olonkho. Yakutsk, Gosizdat YaASSR Publ., 1947, 410 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
4. Teploukhov-Timofeev I. G. Stubborn Kulun Kullustur: olonkho. Moscow, Main Editorial Board of Oriental literature Publ., 1985, 607 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
5. Popov N. F. Toyon Nyurgun bukhatyyr: olonkho. Yakutsk, Alaas Publ., 2015, 304 p. (In Yakut)
6. Khaan Djargystai: olonkho. Yakutsk, Alaas Publ., 2016, 232 p. (In Yakut)
7. Olonkho of Djulei. Edited by I. Popova. Yakutsk, IHRISN SB RAS Publ., 2013, 266 p. (Samples of the folk literature of the Yakuts, collected by E. K. Pekarsky). (In Yakut)
8. Yadrikhinsky P. P. – Bedjeele. The girl-warrior Djyrybyna Djyrylyatta. Yakutsk, Kemuel Publ., 2019, 512 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
9. Burnashev I. I. – Tong Suorun. Son of the Horse Bogatyr Dyrai: olonkho. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2013, 376 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
10. Tuvan heroic tales. Compiled by S. M. Orus-ool. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1997, 584 p. (Monuments of folklore of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East; vol. 12). (In Tuvan and Rus.)
11. Gauch O. N. Semantical and etymological interpretation of the subject-utility vocabulary of the second half of the XVIII century. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Tyumen, 2009, 255 p. (In Rus.)
12. Vlasova L. A. Lexicon of kitchen utensils and tableware in the Orlov dialects. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Orel, 2002, 269 p. (In Rus.)
13. Lukina G. N. Subject and everyday vocabulary of the Old Russian language. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1990, 180 p. (In Rus.)
14. Kireeva I. V. Lexical-semantic and linguocultural features of the Russian kitchen and household vocabulary. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Krasnodar, 2005, 163 p. (In Rus.)
15. Kosenkova I. A. Lexical-semantic group of nouns with the meaning “tableware” in the contemporary Russian literary language. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Tambov, 1999, 267 p. (In Rus.)
16. Panteleev I. V. Linguocultural description of the subject vocabulary of Russian folk accents (on the example of the names of household containers of woody and herbaceous plants). Tula, Publ. House of Tula State University, 2006, 225 p. (In Rus.)
17. Goncharova L. I. Names of crockery and kitchen utensils in Voronezh dialects. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Voronezh, 2012, 22 p. (In Rus.)
18. Erlenbaeva N. V. Domestic vocabulary of the Altai language. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Gorno-Altaisk, 2005, 166 p. (In Rus.)
19. Abdina R. P. Names of crockery and kitchen utensils in Khakas language. Theory & Practice. 2021, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1109–1114. (In Rus.)
20. Chebodaeva M. P. Traditional wooden utensils of Khakas people (XVIII – early XX centuries). In: Artistic work in contemporary culture: creativity – performance – humanitarian knowledge: collection of articles and materials. Chelyabinsk, P. I. Chaikovsky South Ural State Institute of Arts Publ., 2021, pp. 63–67. (In Rus.)
21. Zamaletdinov R. R., Khusnullina G. N. Linguocultural features of the names of dishes and kitchen utensils in the Tatar language. Philology and culture. 2014, no. 4, pp. 95–100. (In Rus.)
22. Khairutdinova T. Kh. Domestic vocabulary of the Tatar language (crockery, utensils, household items). Kazan, Fiker Publ., 2000, 128 p. (In Rus.)
23. Valieva M. R. Dialect names of utensils of Bashkir language ascending to the Altai epoch. Turkic Studies Journal. 2022, no. 2, pp. 35–47. (In Rus.)
24. Gabysheva A. L. Woodcarving: Traditions and Interpretations. Fine Art of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. 2021, no. 3, pp. 76–87. (In Rus.)
25. Gabysheva A. L. Keep the milk grace: birch bark products from the collection of the National Art Museum of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The Art of Eurasia. 2019, no. 3, pp. 223–241. (In Rus.)
26. Petrova A. G. Traditional Sakha utensil plastics: cultural and historical connections and general characteristics. Almanac of Modern Science and Education. 2015, no. 8, pp. 107–111. (In Rus.)
27. Skryabina A. A. Names of vessels (storage containers) in the Yakut, Khakas and Altai languages. In: Vinokurov readings: scientific and methodical aspects of the study of the Yakut language, literature and culture: proceedings of the Republican scientific and practical conference devoted to the 80^th anniversary of I. P. Vinokurov. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2021, pp. 94–98. (In Rus.)
28. Chirkoeva D. I., Skryabina A. A. The names of dishes and kitchen utensils in the Yakut language. Vestnik of NEFU. Altaistics. 2021, no. 1, pp. 14–20. (In Rus.)
29. Nikolaev E. R. Names of traditional tableware and utensils in Yakut and Khakas languages: literary-normative and dialectal parallels. Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices. 2022, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 374–387. (In Rus.)
30. Gabysheva L. L. To the semiotic interpretation of choron In: Folklore and the modern culture: collection of scientific works. Yakutsk, Yakut National Center SB RAS Publ., 1991, pp. 115–119. (In Rus.)
31. Petrova A. G. Choron vessels of the 18^th – 19^th centuries: On the materials of the collections of the E. Yaroslavsky Yakut State United Museum of History and Culture of the Peoples of the North and the National Art Museum of the Sakha (Yakutia). Abstract of the thesis for the degree of Candidate of Art History. Ulan-Ude, 2004, 22 p. (In Rus.)
32. Nikolaev E. R. Khamnatar “whisk for drink kumys” as a code of Yakut culture. In: Universal and specific in the verbal traditions of the peoples of modern Russia: theses of the All-Russian scientific conference. Novosibirsk, LLC “Akademizdat”, 2020, pp. 63–64. (In Rus.)
33. Nikolaev E. R. Lexical-semantic features of the names of kumys leather crockery (vessels) in the Yakut language. North-Eastern Journal of Humanities. 2021, no. 1, pp. 96–107. (In Rus.)
34. Dyachkovsky F. N., Tomskaya N. F. Linguocultural features in the varieties of the Yakut national vessel “choron”. Modern Humanities Success. 2020, no. 6, pp. 231–234. (In Rus.)
35. Nikolaeva A. M. On the ethnographic reality of the Yakut people ‘choron’. Polythematic online scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. 2015, no. 113, pp. 1532–1542. (In Rus.)
36. Iochelson V. I. Kumys feast and the decorative design of kumys vessels. Yakutsk, SMIK-Master Polygraphiya Publ., 2015, 84 p. (In Rus.)
37. Potapov I. A. Yakut folk woodcarving. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1972, 141 p. (In Rus.)
38. Kissel V. A. Yakut chorons and their origin. Ethnograficeskoe Obozrenie. 2003, no. 6, pp. 70–77. (In Rus.)
39. Alekseev A. N. On the origin of the Yakut сhorons. North-Eastern Journal of Humanities. 2015, no. 1, pp. 55–61. (In Rus.)
40. Ushnitsky V. V. To the question of the origin of the Yakut choron. In: First Potapov readings: proceedings of the Scientific conference. Yakutsk, Advertising agency “April” Publ., 2008, pp. 124–128. (In Rus.)
41. Bobrova V. V. Yakutia’s kumys ware in the collections of MAE RAS. Kunstkamera. 2020, no. 1, pp. 60–66. (In Rus.)
42. Bartan O. O. Tuvans national utensils. Bashky. 1995, no. 1. pp. 59–62. (In Rus.)
43. Oorzhak A. Ch. The lexicon of utensils and household utensils in the Tuvan language and its dialects. Dissertation thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Kyzyl, 2022, 274 p. (In Rus.)
44. Mongush S. V., Oorzhak M.-Kh. Sh. Technology of making Tuvan national cup ajak. In: European Research: proceedings of the XXX International scientific-practical conference. Penza, International Center for Scientific Cooperation “Science and Education” Publ., 2021, pp. 146–147. (In Rus.)
45. Kombu E. V. Tuvan stupas sogaash in ethnographic collection of the Aldan-Maadyr National Museum the Tuva Republic. In: Ermolaev Readings: proceedings of the 5^th Scientific-practical conference. Kyzyl, Publ. Department of the A. S. Pushkin National Library of the Republic of Tuva, 2021, pp. 253–259. (In Rus.)
46. Mongush Sh. Kh. To the question about the main types of ornaments on kogerzhiks, their significance. In: The heritage of the peoples of Central Asia and adjacent territories: study, preservation, usage: materials of International scientific-practical conference. Kyzyl, Kyzyl Education Center “Aniyak” Publ., 2009, pp. 58–61. (In Rus.)
47. Mainy B.-O. S. Ancient traditional forms and ornaments of wooden utensils among the nomads of Tuva. In: Ermolaev Readings: proceedings of 3^th Scientific-practical conference. Kyzyl, Kyzyl Education Center “Aniyak” Publ., 2019, pp. 243–249. (In Rus.)
48. Nurzat E. B. Knife as an object of material culture of Tuvans. In: Ermolaev Readings: proceedings of 6^th Scientific-practical conference. Kyzyl, A. S. Pushkin National Library of the Republic of Tuva Publ., 2022, pp. 92–97. (In Rus.)
49. Sobakina I. V., Burtseva A. A. Cultural information in the heroic epic olonkho “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift”. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Series Epic studies. 2019, no. 4, pp. 136–150. (In Rus.)
50. Luginova O. A. The object world of the olonkho: clothing and jewellery. In: II Siberian forum of folklorists. Abstracts. Novosibirsk, Alexpress Publ., 2021, pp. 75–76. (In Rus.)
51. Gotovtseva L. M. The lexicon of traditional Sakha clothing in the texts of the olonkho. North-Eastern Journal of Humanities. 2016, no. 3, pp. 95–102. (In Rus.)
52. Doktorova N. I. Clothing characters in the Yakut epic olonkho. URL: https://tengrifund.ru/konferencii/2-aya-konferenciya/odezhda-personazhej-v-yakutskom-epose-olonxo (accessed June 12, 2023). (In Rus.)
53. Petrova S. I. Sacral and ritual function of clothes (on the materials of the epic olonkho “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift”). Historical, Philosophical, Political and Law Sciences, Culturology and Study of Art. Issues of Theory and Practice. 2014, no. 1, part 2, pp. 159–164. (In Rus.)
54. Gabysheva L. L. Nominations of parts of the Yakut traditional dwelling: linguistic and mythological structures. Philology: scientific researches. 2019, no. 6, pp. 207–216. (In Rus.)
55. Nikolaeva T. N. Linguistic and cultural interpretation of the “white” food of Yakuts. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. 2020, no. 2, pp. 92–101. (In Rus.)
56. Ushnitsky V. V. Ancient technology of kumys production: Yakut, Tuvan and Kyrgyz experience. Sayan-Altai Scientific Review. 2016, no. 4-5, pp. 96–99. (In Rus.)
57. Yakovleva K. A. Names of crockery in the Yakut and Khakas languages (on the material of epic texts). In: Comparative study of Turkic languages: proceedings of II International scientific-practical conference. Yakutsk, NEFU Publishing House, 2022, pp. 269–272. (In Rus.)
58. Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol., vol. I (Letter A). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2004, 679 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
59. Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol., vol. II (Letter B). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2005, 911 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
60. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. VI (Letters L–N). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2009, 516 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
61. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. XIV (Letters Ch–Y). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2017, 592 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
62. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. X (Letter T). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2013, 575 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
63. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. XI (Letter T). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2014, 528 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
64. Pekarsky E. K. Dictionary of the Yakut language: in 3 vol. Vol. 3. Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1958, 705 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
65. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. XIII (Letter Kh). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2016, 639 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
66. Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol., vol. V (Letter K). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2008, 841 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
67. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. XII (Letters U, Y). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2015, 598 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
68. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. VII (Letters N’–P). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2010, 516 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
69. Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol. VIII (Letter S). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2011, 570 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
70. Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol., vol. IV (Letter K). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2007, 708 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
71. Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language: in 15 vol., vol. III (Letters G–I). Edited by P. A. Sleptsov. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2006, 841 p. (In Yakut and Rus.)
72. Tuvan-Russian dictionary. Edited by E. R. Tenishev. Moscow, Sovetskaya Enciklopediya Publ., 1968, 646 p. (In Tuvan and Rus.)
73. Explanatory dictionary of Tuvan language. Vol. 1. Edited by D. A. Mongush. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2003, 596 p. (In Tuvan and Rus.)
74. Explanatory dictionary of Tuvan language. Vol. 2. Edited by D. A. Mongush. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2011, 795 p. (In Tuvan and Rus.)
75. Gabysheva L. L. Symbolic meaning of metal nominations in the epic of Yakuts and other Turkic peoples. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. 2012, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 115–120. (In Rus.)
76. Ondar M. V. The cultural code in Tuvans folklore (on the material of heroic tales). Epic Studies. 2022, no. 4, pp. 56–65. (In Rus.)
77. Kononov A. I. Semantics of colour designation in the Turkic languages. Turkological collection. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1978, pp. 159–179. (In Rus.)
78. Sanchat O. O. Dairy products in the national Tuvan cuisine. URL: https://scienceforum.ru/2018/article/2018002337 (accessed June 12, 2023). (In Rus.)
79. Uvarovsky A. Ya. Recollections. Yakutsk, Bichik Publ., 2003, 204 p. (In Yakut, German and Rus.)