Combat armament of the Yakut bogatyrs based on the materials olonkho

Abstract

The authors discuss the types of military weapons of the Yakut bogatyr warriors based on folklore materials in a comparative and comparative way with the combat set of weapons of the ancient Yakuts from archaeological sources. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to study military weapons based on the materials of folklore genres. The Yakuts were able to keep their historical memories in mythology and folklore. The lexical materials of the Yakut, Old Turkic and other Turkic languages is involved in this analysis. In this perspective, the Yakut bow, spears, palma spears, hammers, axes are considered. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the types of military weapons of the Yakut bogatyrs. This characteristic based on the materials of olonkho and legends in a comparative plan with real historical types of weapons. The purpose of the study is the analysis of the types of military weapons of the Yakut bogatyrs, it was based on folklore materials. The main conclusions are additional or clarifying materials on the study of military weapons of the Yakut heroes. The materials of the olonkho confirm the use of materials for making the Yakut’s bow okh saa. We managed to establish that the approximate range of the Yakut bow is 1.5 km based on the materials of the historical legends. In addition to the combat bow, the Yakut’s hero had in his equipment yngyy “a spear”, sygeh “a battle axe”, tereek sygeh “an ax with a wide blade”, batas, batyia “a palma, short hunting (for a bear) spear”. This yngyy spear of the Yakuts and Dolgans was used as hunting and military weapons. The mallet was one of the types of close combat weapons. The next type of close combat, according to the materials of the olonkho, can be a sygeh battle axe. This was a kind of battle like tereek sүgeh ax with a wide blade. The process of making okh saa bow and batas spear was giving in detail in the olonkho texts. The texts give descriptions of the superior quality of the iron from which the hunting spear was made. Most epithets of the palm tree in the olonkho materials reveal the functional purpose of the deadly weapon. The Yakuts had one formidable weapon, which called batuya, but descriptions of this type of weapon was not found in the olonkho texts. Descriptions of batuya remained only as part of the epithet and comparative constructions of olonkho.

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