PROPER NAMES OF HEROES IN OLONKHO NORTHERN TRADITION OF THE YAKUTS

Abstract

The article explores the onomastics of the heroes of the olonkho of the northern regional tradition of the Yakuts. The purpose of this article is to study the structure of the proper names of the heroes of the olonkho of the northern tradition of the Yakuts. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify the names of the heroes of the tradition in question; make a structure of the names of the heroes and systematize them into groups. The material for the study was 18 texts and 7 plots of the olonkho of 9 local traditions: Verkhoyansk, Mom, Aby, Middle Kolyma, Oimyakon, Allaikhov, Anabar, Oleknek and texts of the olonkho of the Essene Yakuts (Dyehyiey sakhalara). The names of the heroes are classified into five groups: the names of the heroes with the indicator buhatyyr (hero); with the indicator bergen (accurate); with the indicator bөҕө (strong); with the addition of sohotokh (lonely); heroes with their own names. In the tradition under study, 9 heroes (29%) had the indicator of heroism bukhatyr in their names. The etymology of the word buhatyyr was associated with the military hierarchy. This was a position that was usually occupied by a warrior who performed special assignments for the commander, but in general it was a bodyguard and a messenger. The indicator bergen refers to the indicators of character traits in the names of aiyy bogatyrs and is a term not only for heroism, but also for the fact that the Yakut bogatyr is a hunter. One of the common heroes of the olonkho of the northeastern tradition is the lonely Er Sogotokh. The heroes of these olonkho texts bear the name Er Sokotokh, because they were born as lonely orphans. They don't know their fathers and mothers. The bөҕө indicator has the definition of «possessing great physical strength, characteristic of the strongmen of the old times». It can be assumed that the indicator bөҕө denotes the physical data of the hero. As a result of the study, it was revealed that 14 heroes of the olonkho of the studied tradition have names according to the type: epithet + name. 45% of the proper names of the heroes of the olonkho of the northern tradition do not have indicators of heroism. The name of the hero of the olonkho, recorded by I. A. Khudyakov «Khan Dyargystay». This olonkho is named after the hero Aiyy in the third generation. The main characters are 3 people - Urүҥ Uolan, Konchүө Bөҕө, Khaan Dyargystay, who are presented without an indicator of heroism. The heroes of the olonkho «Kүn Mөҥүruүөn ogonnyor ikki Kүn Teigel emehsin ikki» are endowed with names without indicators of heroism.

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