THE CREATIVE HERITAGE OF THE FOLK STORYTELLER N. I. STEPANOV – NOOROY

Abstract

The creative heritage of the Yakut epic-teller Nikolai Ivanovich Stepanov – Nooroy (1897–1975) is considered. Particular attention is paid to his creative versatility: his skills as an outstanding olonkho-teller, talented folk singer, amateur director, one of the first producers of olonkho on stage, the organizer of the first dramatic circle “Olonkho”. The novelty of the article is new facts about the life and work of the olonkho-teller, found from separate sources. The aim was to recreate the most complete picture of the creative heritage, to reveal the multifaceted talent of Nikolai Stepanov as a carrier of the traditional culture of the Yakut people and one of the founders of the Yakut Soviet folklore. The bibliography of Stepanov, literature on his life and work, all his published works, also some manuscript materials, articles, works of folklorists G. U. Ergis, I. V. Pukhov, N. V. Emelyanov, V. V. Illarionov, composers, musical figures N. I. Peiko, I. A. Steinman, M. N. Zhirkov, G. M. Krivoshapko and others were studied to achieve the goal. The analysis of the poetics of the oolonkho “Kyun Erili” with the translation of some fragments of the oolonkho into Russian was made, as well as the classification of the songs-toyuk by Stepanov by themes. Analytical, typological, historical and specific methods of research were used in the work. As a result of the study, we came to the conclusion that Nikolai Stepanov, being illiterate, was a particularly gifted, talented storyteller and folk singer, and no less talented director and screenwriter. He was a great enthusiast and innovator, had organizational skills and, endowed with a special charisma and excellent human qualities, managed to organize the first drama circle in the history of Yakutia, which attracted great attention to the olonkho, especially to the Yakut musical folklore, scholars and professional composers, who in turn created musical records of the olonkho characters' songs.

References

1. Ergis G. U. The heroic epic of the Yakuts – olonkho. In: Nyurgun Bootur the Swift: text by K. G. Orosin. Yakutsk, YakGIz Publ., 1947, pp. 5–60. (In Russ.)
2. Kun Erili. Yakut heroic epic. Olonkho-teller N. I. Stepanov-Nooroy. Recording, text preparation, article and comments by P. N. Dmitriev. Yakutsk, Institute of language, literature and history Publ., 1995, 180 p. (In Yakut)
3. Folk singer, olonkho-teller Nikolay Ivanovich Stepanov-Nooroy (1897–1975): a bibliographical index dedicated to the 110th anniversary. Comp. L. V. Ivanova. Yakutsk, Yakutia Publ., 2007, 72 p. (In Yakut)
4. Folk singers. Comp. G. M. Vasiliev. Yakutsk, YakGIz Publ., 1947, 100 p. (In Yakut)
5. Ergis G. U. Essays on Yakut folklore. Yakutsk, Bichik Publ., 2008, 402 p. (In Russ.)
6. Emelyanov N. V. Plots of Yakut olonkhos. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1980, 375 p. (In Russ.)
7. Illarionov V. V. Art of Yakut olonkho-tellers. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1982, 128 p. (In Russ.)
8. Peiko N. I., Shteynman I. A. About Yakut music. Soviet music. 1940, no. 2, pp. 84–91. (In Russ.)
9. Stepanova O. N. Nooroy's sonorous toyuks and beautiful songs. Cholbon. 2017, no. 6, pp. 67–72. (In Yakut)
10. Illarionov V. V. Local olonkho-tellers: peculiarities of olonkho-telling. Yakutsk, NEFU Publ. House, 2016, 272 p. (In Yakut)
11. Stepanov N. I. The way to happiness. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1953, 36 p. (In Yakut)
12. Stepanov N. I. The song of a khomus. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1964, 40 p. (In Yakut)
13. Stepanov N. I. The songs-toyuk. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1968, 70 p. (In Yakut)
14. Stepanov N. I. The inexhaustible grace. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1974, 32 p. (In Yakut)
15. Stepanov N., Amvrosyev A. The acknowledgements. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1979, 96 p. (In Yakut)
16. Yakut folk songs. Part 1: Songs about nature. Yakutsk, Book Publ. House, 1976, 230 p. (In Yakut)
17. Yakut folk songs. Part 2: Songs about work and everyday life. Yakutsk, Book Publ. House, 1977, 422 p. (In Yakut)
18. Yakut folk songs. Part 3: Songs of the Soviet period. Yakutsk, Book Publ. House, 1980, 296 p. (In Yakut)
19. Yakut folk songs. Part 4: Yakut folk poems-toyuk. Yakutsk, Book Publ. House, 1983, 280 p. (In Yakut)
20. The Truth wins. Comp. A. D. Neustroeva. Yakutsk, Gosizdat YaASSR Publ., 1945, 78 p. (In Yakut)
21. Vasiliev G. M. The living spring. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1973, 303 p. (In Russ.)
22. Stepanov V. K. For the sake of prosperity (memories). Yakutsk, Sakhapoligrafizdat Publ., 2005, 196 p. (In Yakut)
23. Krivoshapko G. M. Musical culture of the Yakut people. Yakutsk, Book Publ. House, 1982, 184 p. (In Russ.)
24. Zhirkov M. N. Yakut folk music. Yakutsk, Yakut Book Publ. House, 1981, 130 p. (In Russ.)
25. Recordings of N. I. Stepanov's songs. In: Radiofund of the National Broadcasting Company “Sakha”. Music Library Department: recordings №№ 1516, 1517, 1518, 1519, 1520, 1521. 1965–1975 years. (In Yakut)
26. Kun Erili. Olonkho by N. I. Stepanov [Electronic resource]. Yakutsk, State Variety Theater of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 2011. Audio CD. (In Yakut)