THE MYTHOLOGİCAL SPACE İN THE EPIC THE BOOK OF DEDE GORGUD

Abstract

The study examines the place and role of the cave cult in the epic text, which, from primitive times to the present day, bears the qualities of a refuge, protection for humanity, attracting attention as well as a mythical space. It should be noted that myth-making, which has turned into a rich heritage for the whole world, being an important event in the cultural history of mankind and for thousands of years has played a dominant role in the spiritual world of man. The myth is a system of ideas about the world that precedes historical thought; it can be reconstructed based on the facts of ethnography, archeology, linguistics, psychology and other sciences. Mythological world intuition is characterized by a cosmology that runs through everything. The motif of the cave has a subjective place in the history of the Turkic culture with the system of values ​​to which it points. The cave is also a cultural carrier with its sacred orientation beyond physical size, which protects people, gives them shelter, opening the door to a new life with its hidden moments. Determining the importance of all these characteristics is one of the factors that determine the relevance of the study. The main purpose of the study is to study the cave cult, with the aim of revealing mythological thought, which occupies a special place in the text of the epic.

The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is formed by the scholarly and theoretical ideas of famous folklorists and literary scholars about oral folk literature, including the mythological thinking of the people. The object of the research is the legend The Song of How Basat killed Tepeges (Cyclops) of the epic The Book of Dede Korkud, fairy tales and examples of written literature, which are one of the main genres of folk literature. The subject of research is the cave motif found in these works. The scholarly novelty of the research lies in the fact that the cave motif found in the text of the epic is involved in research in comparison with similar motifs in other folklore genres and samples of written literature. The study used the method of comparative typological approach, identified similar mythological motifs, plot correspondences on the basis of historical-comparative and theoretical-typological analysis.

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