BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF FOLKLORE EXPEDITIONS IN VERKHOYANSKY DISTRICT, SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)

Abstract

This article is the first to review the history of collecting and studying the storytelling tradition of Verkhoyansk from the times of the famous folklorist I. A. Khudyakov to the present.

The relevance of the study lies in the importance of the preservation, popularization and distribution of the epic traditions of the peoples of the Russian Federation in preserving the diversity of cultures of the peoples inhabiting our country for future generations.

Objective: to summarize and analyze the results of painstaking collecting work from I. A. Khudyakov to the present day, both individual folklorists and folklore expeditions to the Verkhoyansky District, Sakha Republic (Yakutia). In the process of research to achieve the goal, the task of identifying the contribution of folklorists, who studied the oral folk art of the region, to the study of the local epic tradition was solved.

The materials collected by folklorists from the 19th century to the present, including the authors of the article, and deposited in the archives of the Institute of Humanitarian Research and Problems of Indigenous Peoples of the North, SB RAS and the National Archive of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), in the personal archives of the authors recorded from informants – residents of the Verkhoyansk ulus, as well as the published texts of Olonkho by Verkhoyansk narrators. The study used both theoretical methods (the study of archival materials, scientific literature), methods of comparison and generalization, and methods of field research.

As a result of the study, it was established that while I. A. Khudyakov collected and studied Verkhoyansk folklore in stationary conditions, subsequent folklorists of the Soviet period – A. A. Savvin, V. V. Illarionov, P. N. Dmitriev, S. D. Mukhopleva – collected the richest folklore material in the field. The article emphasizes the role of collectors-enthusiasts: T. T. Danilov, who recorded M. N. Gorokhov’s olonkho “Kyydaannaakh Kyys Bogatyr”, E. I. Burtseva, who recorded the olonkho with technical tools, I. I. Struchkova, M. A Struchkova, the materials of which are used in the study of the storytelling tradition of the Verkhoyansk Olonkho-narrators. The results of the analysis and academic generalization undertaken in this article will help to further academic research on the local epic tradition of Olonkho-narrators.

References

1. Bazanov V. G., Emel'janov N. V. I. A. Hudjakov i ego “Kratkoe opisanie Verhojanskogo okruga” [I. A. Khudyakov and his “Brief description of Verkhoyansky district”]. In: Hudjakov I. A. Kratkoe opisanie Verhojanskogo okruga [Brief description of Verkhoyansky district]. Leningrad, Nauka, 1969, pp. 8-32.
2. Illarionov V. V. N. S. Gorohov: pervye zapisi olonho i ih perevod na russkij jazyk (k izucheniju verojanskoj tradicii) [N. S. Gorokhov: first fixation of olonkho and its translation into Russian language]. In: Severo-Vostochnyj gumanitarnyj vestnik[North-Eastern humanitarian herald]. 2014, No. 1, pp. 93-98.
3. Seroshevskij V. L. Jakuty. Opyt jetnograficheskogo issledovanija. 2-e izd. [Yakuts. Experience of ethnographic research]. Moscow, Moskovskaja tipografija, No. 2, 1993, 736 p.
4. Jergis G. U. Ocherki po jakutskomu fol'kloru [Essays on Yakut folklore]. Moscow, Nauka, 1974, 404 p.
5. Pekarskij Je. K. Zametka po povodu redakcii “Verhojanskogo sbornika” I. A. Hudjakova [Notes about edition of “Verkhoyansky collection” by I. A. Khudyakov]. In: Izvestija VSORGO [Proceedings of ESDRGC]. 1896, vol. 26, No. 4-5, pp. 197-205.
6. Hudjakov I. A. Kratkoe opisanie Verhojanskogo okruga [Brief description of Verkhoyansky district]. Leningrad, Nauka, 1969, 441 p.
7. Savvin A. A. Rasprostranenie fol'klora v severnyh rajonah [пер]. In: Arhiv JaNC SO RAN [Spread of folklore in the northern regions]. F. 5. Op. 3. D. 463. 7 s.
8. Struchkova I. I. D'aangy olonghoһuttara uonna kiniler olonghonu toloror jugestere [Olonkhosuts of Yana and tradition of performing olonkho]. Yakutsk, RIO DDN im. A. E. Kulakovskogo, 2014, 88 p. (In Yakut lang.)
9. Gorohov M. N. Kyydaannaah Kyys buhatyyr: olonho [Girl-warrior Kyydaannaakh Kyys]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2017, 208 p. (Sakha booturdara: 21 t. T. 17 [Sakha booturs: 21 vol. Vol. 17]). (In Yakut lang.)
10. Puhov I. V. Jakutskij geroicheskij jepos – olonho. Osnovnye obrazy [Yakut heroic epic olonkho. Main plots]. Moscow, Nauka, 1962, 256 p.
11. Emel'janov N. V. Sjuzhety jakutskih olonho [Plots of Yakut olonkhos]. Moscow, Nauka, 1980, 375 p.
12. Emel'janov N. V. Sjuzhety rannih tipov jakutskih olonho [Plots of early types of Yakut olonkhos]. Moscow, Nauka, 1983, 248 p.
13. Illarionov V. V. Jakutskoe skazitel'stvo i problemy vozrozhdenija olonho [Yakut storytelling and problems of revitalization of olonkho]. Novosibirsk, Nauka, 2006, 191 p.
14. Illarionov V. V. Iskusstvo jakutskih olonhosutov [Art of Yakut olonkhosuts]. Yakutsk, Jakut. kn. izd-vo, 1982, 120 p.
15. Illarionov V. V. Verhojanskie skazitel'skie tradicii v jepicheskih proizvedenijah M. N. Gorohova [Storytelling traditions of Verkhoyansk in epic compositions by M. N. Gorokhov]. In: Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo federal'nogo universiteta im. M. K. Ammosova [Herald of North-Eastern Federal university]. 2015, No. 5 (49), pp. 87-101.
16. Illarionov V. V. Tradicii verhojanskih olonhosutov v zapisjah I. A. Hudjakova [Storytelling traditions of Verkhoyansk in notes by I. A. Khudyakov]. In: Filologicheskie nauki: voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philological sciences: questions of theory and practice]. 2014, No. 12 (42), pp. 88-91.
17. Illarionov V. V. I. A. Hudjakov – pervyj issledovatel' fol'klora i tradicionnoj kul'tury Verhojan'ja [I. A. Khudyakov the first researcher of folklore and traditional culture of Verkhoyanye]. In: Hudjakov I. A. Kratkoe opisanie Verhojanskogo okruga[Brief description of Verkhoyansky district]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2016, pp. 3-6.
18. D'aangy olonghoһuttara: biobibliograficheskaj yjynn'yktar, ystatyjalar, ahtyylar [Olonkhosuts of Yana: biobibligraphic indexes, articles]. [homujan ongordular: I. I. Struchkova, N. A. Orosina, R. N. Anisimov uo. d. a.]. Yakutsk, Alaas, 2016, 320 p. (In Yakut lang.)
19. Kolosov I. S. Tabalaagy terjutteebit Bajdylar tustarynan [About Baidy who founded Tabalaakh]. In: Talyy talba Tabalaah [Beautiful Tabalaakh]. S. H. Borisova, S. H. Potapova, I. I. Struchkova. Yakutsk, Kemjuel, 2016, pp. 21-23. (In Yakut lang.)
20. Bagdaryyn Sjulbe. Saha sire, kemjus ilii [Yakutia, golden hand]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2002, 176 p. (In Yakut lang.)
21. Savvin A. A. Biograficheskie dannye i uchet skazitelej i pevcov Verhojanskogo rajona [Biographic data and accounting of storytellers and singers of Verkhoyansky district]. In: Arhiv JaNC [Archive of YaSC]. F. 5. Op. 8. D. 473. 23 s.
22. Illarionov V. V. D'aangy olonghoһuttaryn jugestere [Tradition of Yana olonkhosuts]. Yakutsk, Bichik, 2006, 160 p. (In Yakut lang.)
23. Savvin A. A. Otchet o fol'klornoj jekspedicii v severnye rajony Jakutii. 1939-1941 gg. [Report of folklore expedition to northern districts of Yakutia in 1393-1941]. In: RO IGIiPMNS SO RAN [Manuscript department of IHRISN]. F. 5. Op. 3. Ed. hr. 461. 22 s.
24. Efremov N. N. Dolganskoe olonho [Dolgan olonkho]. Yakutsk, Jakut. kn. izd-vo, 1984, 132 p.
25. Puhov I. V. Ispolnenie olonho [Olonkho performence]. In: Doklady na vtoroj nauchnoj sessii IJaLI. Vyp. I. Istorija i filologija [Reports on Second scientific session of the Institute of language, literature and history]. Yakutsk, 1951, pp. 133-164.