Functional and semantic features of proverbs in the Oghuz epic and in Azerbaijani literature

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the use of proverbs in the Oghuz epic and in the Azerbaijani written literature and the identification of their functional and semantic features. The purpose of this article is to look through the material both in the epic and in written fiction and give its functionally semantic description in the diachronic direction. The novelty of the work is that for the first time the functional and semantic features of proverbs are considered in the integrated approach in the epic and literary tradition. The material for the research is the Oghuz epic The Book of My Grandfather Korkud and the cycle of epic texts under the general name Oghuzname, materials of Azerbaijani fiction, including the works by M. P. Vagif, S. Vurgun, B. Vakhabzade and others. The descriptive, historical-comparative and structural-semantic methods are used in the analysis. The historical-comparative and functional-semantic analysis of proverbs revealed in folk-epic and literary traditions are carried out.

The analysis confirms that proverbs carry folk traditions and stereotypical behavioral formulas of folk wisdom. They exist independently in the folklore tradition of the people and as spiritual resources, enrich both the epic tradition and fiction. Proverbs are observed diachronic in two forms. In the epic they will be preserved either in the original or in minor changes.

As we know, the rich examples of proverbial sayings have been recorded at different times. These lists of proverbs will allow us to compare them and identify changes in structural and semantic sanctification. Based on this diachronic analysis, it is possible to determine the semantic invariant of proverbs and its different relevance in the environment of a literary text. A comparative analysis of proverbs of this kind also helps to systematize and describe changes in the functional semantic structure.

Prospects for the study of proverbs in folklore and literary traditions are seen in the fact that it will allow following functional and semantic changes therein and the development of the artistic appearance of sayings in two traditions of one people.

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