CALENDAR-NUMERICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EPIC TEXTS

Abstract

The problem of the existence of numerical complexes (NC) in the texts of epic, folklore and fairy-tale genres is considered. NC identified in the texts of the “Song of Gilgamesh”, “Odyssey”, “Song of Roland”, “Kalevala”, olonkho “Nurgun Bootur”, “Maadai Kara” and a number of folklore and fairy tale texts of the Ob Ugrians. The absence of a single picture of the frequency of numbers and NC in the texts is revealed. This applies to the degree of numbers saturation of the text, and the numbers composition, which used in numerical complexes. The epic texts of the I, II and III groups are dominated by the numbers 2 and 3, 7 and 12. Number 5 (and its derivatives) are practically absent. Among the NC (stages and series) complex “6-7” dominates in the texts of group I and the Ob-Ugric and Maadai Kara. In the texts I, II, III groups and Kalevala, are dominated, by the growing of the NC (over 80%). In the olonkho Nyurgun Bootur (P. A. Oyunsky) increasing the NC dominate. In option K. G. Orosin pattern is reversed, descending dominate the NC, integrating with epos Maaday Kara. In Ob-Ugric texts, is dominated by decreasing NC 7-6. In Maadai Kara NC 7-6 and 6-7 distributed about equally. Increasing NC 6-7 in Kalevala are about 10%, decreasing 7-6 are single. In Yakut olonkho these NC are single. The special status of numbers 6 and 7 is associated with the behavior of the sun during the annual calendar cycle. The duration of the “summer road” of the Sun, which is characterized by an increase in solar illumination, covers the time from the winter solstice to St. Elijah's day (2 August), and is approximately 7 sidereal lunar months. The duration of the “winter road” of the Sun, from St. Elijah's day (the turn of the weather on the “winter”) and to the winter solstice, is 6 sidereal months. The countable symbolism in the form of discrete decorative elements represented by numbers 6 and 7 and their derivatives (13, 14, 52, 78) is distinguished on artifacts (ring calendars) belonging to the cultures of the late bronze and early iron age of the Urals, the Urals and Western Siberia. The method of calculating the duration of the solar annual calendar cycle using the base numbers 6 and 7 is proposed. The proposed complex method of analysis of the numerical context will be used to identify the semantics of numbers in the epic and folk texts of the peoples of the world, and especially in Northern Eurasia (epics Altai Turks, Buryats, Russian epics, Yakut Olonkho, Tungus-Manchu heroic tales, etc.).

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